UC Davis scientists created wheat that can partially fertilize itself (scitechdaily.com)

Scientists at UC Davis have engineered a new variety of wheat capable of partially self-fertilizing by releasing a compound that activates nitrogen-fixing bacteria in the soil. This innovative approach reduces reliance on synthetic fertilizers, potentially lowering costs for farmers and mitigating environmental pollution associated with traditional fertilization methods. The research, conducted using CRISPR gene-editing technology, increases the wheat's production of a flavone called apigenin, which aids soil bacteria in converting atmospheric nitrogen into a usable form for the plants. Experiments revealed that this modified wheat produced higher yields even under low-fertilizer conditions, suggesting significant agricultural benefits. This breakthrough could significantly impact global food security, particularly in developing regions where farmers often struggle to afford fertilizers. Eduardo Blumwald, the project's lead researcher, highlighted that this self-fertilizing wheat could transform farming practices by supporting crop growth in nutrient-poor areas. As wheat accounts for about 18% of global nitrogen fertilizer use, this advancement may not only promote environmental sustainability but also save farmers billions in fertilizer expenses, marking an important step toward more sustainable agricultural practices. The findings, recently published in the Plant Biotechnology Journal, could lead to similar innovations in other cereal crops, potentially reshaping agricultural productivity worldwide.